During 1877 the northern parts of the state suffered through a spell of extreme drought which were responsible for many deaths in El Paso del Norte. [66] While export-driven manufacturing is one of the most important components of the state's economy, the industrial sector is quite diverse and can be broken down into several sectors, which are: electronics, agro-industrial, wood base manufacturing, mineral, and biotech. Chihuahua é o maior dos 31 estados do México.Limita-se com os estados mexicanos de Coahuila de Zaragoza, Durango, Sinaloa e Sonora, bem como os estados norte-americanos de Texas e Novo México.Sua área é de 244.938 km², e sua população é de 3.406,465 habitantes. Chihuahua City has one of the highest literacy rates in the country at 98%; 35% of the population is aged 14 or below, 60% 15-65, and 5% over 65. The main mountain range in the state is the Sierra Madre Occidental reaching a maximum altitude of 10,826 ft (3,300 m) known as Cerro Mohinora. Arcé was less of a yorkino than his confrère of Durango. [22] Diego Rivera painted Hidalgo's image in half a dozen murals. Its capital city is Chihuahua City. [19], Hidalgo was turned over to the Bishop of Durango, Francisco Gabriel de Olivares, for an official defrocking and excommunication on July 27, 1811. The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Large factories known as maquiladoras were built to export manufactured goods to the United States and Canada. Historia de Chihuahua. Public opinion pressured the U.S. government to bring Villa to justice for the raid on Columbus, New Mexico; U.S. President Wilson sent Gen. John J. Pershing and some 5,000 troops into Mexico in an unsuccessful attempt to capture Villa. The state economy grew at a rapid pace during the Porfiriato; the economy in Chihuahua was dominated by agriculture and mining. [29] Fearing the French would continue their campaign to El Paso del Norte, President Juárez relocated to El Carrizal, a secluded place in the mountains near El Paso del Norte, in August 1865, . The most important river in the state is Río Conchos which is the largest tributary to the Río Grande from the Mexican side; the river descends from the zenith of the Sierra Madre Occidental in the southwest part of the state and winds through the center of the state where the water is exploited in the steppe zone and it eventually empties into the Río Grande in the small desert town of Ojinaga. In 1562 Francisco de Ibarra headed a personal expedition in search of the mythical cities of Cíbola and Quivira; he traveled through the present-day state of Chihuahua. Continuing to anticipate a war, the state legislature on July 11, 1846 by decree enlisted 6,000 men to serve along the border; during that time Ángel Trías quickly rose to power by portraying zealous anti-American rhetoric. At the same time, the state liberals and conservatives compromised to allow the popular Ángel Trías take the governorship; by this time the French forces had taken control over the central portions of the country and were making preparations to invade the northern states. The citizens of the area held strong anti-American sentiments and raided American settlers and travelers across the area. Cajen attained several advantages over the liberals within the state, but soon lost his standing due to a strong resurgence of the liberal forces within the state. Soon after the assassination of President Madero, Carranza returned to Mexico to fight Huerta, but with only a handful of comrades. [22] Hidalgo's headless body was first displayed outside the prison but then buried in the Church of St Francis in Chihuahua. The 76.5%[63] of the population of the state of Chihuahua live in cities which makes the state one of the most urbanized in Mexico. The state has a great diversity due to the large number of microclimates found and dramatic varying terrain. The proletariat was often exploited, and found no legal protection or political recourse to redress injustices. Next to it is a lamp lit to represent the sacrifice of those who gave their lives for Mexican Independence. El Estado de Chihuahua, destacado por ser el de mayor tamaño en los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. During the 1990s after NAFTA was signed, industrial development grew rapidly with foreign investment. Chihuahua was a center of Apache and Yaqui activity; today the Tarahumara inhabit some of the remote regions of Chihuahua. At the same time the states of Durango and Coahuila had a military confrontation over territorial claims and water rights; this altercation between the state required additional federal troops to stabilize the area. According to the census by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) in 2005, the state population is 3,241,444 making the state the 11th most populated state in Mexico. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. In May 1832, José Urrea, a rising officer, supported the restoration of President Pedraza. Con tu clave catastral será suficiente, aprovecha los descuentos. Madero supporter Toribio Ortega took up arms with a group of followers at Cuchillo Parado, Chihuahua on November 10, 1910.[36][37][38]. An archeological site in northern Chihuahua known as Cerro Juanaqueña revealed squash cultivation, irrigation techniques, and ceramic artifacts dating to around 2000 BC.[13]. [34], The end of the Porfiriato came in 1910 with the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. Díaz created an effective centralized government that helped concentrate wealth and political power among the elite upper class, mostly criollo. 26 a la entidad, siendo el lunes 11 de enero, cuando se alcancen temperaturas de menos cero Grados Centígrados en gran parte del estado. Búsqueda de trámites. Casavantes took the state capital and occupied it briefly; he was also successful in forcing Governor Trías to exile. On June 2, 1876 the garrisons in the state of Chihuahua surrendered to the authority of General Porfirio Díaz; Governor Antonio Ochoa was arrested until all the Lerdista forces were suppressed throughout the state. Tiene dentro de sus haberes, las zonas arqueológicas que muestran, los adelantos en desarrollos de urbanismos, que poseían los antepasados de esta zona. Deputies are elected every three years and cannot be reelected consecutively. Marco Normativo y Guias. H. Congreso del Estado de Chihuahua Este sitio está diseñado para una resolución de 1130 px o superior y navegadores como: Google Chrome y Mozilla Firefox The Battle of Sacramento was the most important battle fought in the state of Chihuahua because it was the sole defense for the state capital. When the Spanish explorers reached this area they found their descendants, Suma and Manso tribes. At his execution, Hidalgo placed his right hand over his heart to show the riflemen where they should aim. General Doniphan maintained camp in El Paso del Norte awaiting supplies and artillery which he received in February 1847. In 1901 the Heroes Theater (Teatro de los Héroes) opened in Chihuahua City. By 1888 the telephone services were extended from the capital to the cities of Julimes, Meoqui, and Hidalgo del Parral; the telecommunication network in the state covered an estimated 3,500 kilometers. Around 1528, a group of Spaniard explorers, led by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, first entered the territory of what is now Chihuahua. But as the Mexican officials in Chihuahua heard that General Price was heading back to Mexico with a large force comprising several companies of infantry and three companies of cavalry and one division of light artillery from Santa Fe on February 8, 1848, Ángel Trías sent a message to Sacramento Pass to ask for succession of the area as they understood the war had concluded. En el Estado de Chihuahua predomina el clima muy seco en el 40% del territorio estatal y corresponde a las sierras y Llanuras del Norte. The state was able to survive through the Reform War with minimal damage due to the large number of liberal political figures. The steppe zone is an important agriculture zone due to an extensive development of canals exploiting several rivers that flow down from the mountains. On August 13, 1865, the French forces with an estimated 2,500 men arrived at the outskirts of Chihuahua City, and on August 15, 1865, General Brincourt defeated the republican forces, taking control of the state capital. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. The two best known microclimates are: Tropical savanna climate (Aw) in deep canyons located in the extreme southern part of the state; Continental Mediterranean climate (Dsb) in the extremely high elevations of the Sierra Madre Occidental. El estado de Chihuahua también alberga tres hermosos Pueblos Mágicos como Casas Grandes, donde se encuentra el sitio arqueológico Paquimé, considerado como Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la Unesco. Es la decimoctava zona metropolitana del país.Su principal actividad económica es la industria ligera en forma de maquiladoras y las actividades comerciales.. Entre las ciudades de México, la ciudad de Chihuahua está altamente clasificada en desarrollo humano y social. Díaz was announced the winner of the election by a landslide, triggering the revolution. • El Poder Legislativo y Judicial del Estado, las Universidades Autónomas de Chihuahua y Ciudad Juárez, así como los organismos constitucionales autónomos a partir del ejercicio fiscal 2020. ¡Ver más! Despite the difficulties at the beginning, Díaz was able to secure and stabilize the state, which earned the confidence and support of the people. The climate in the state depends mainly in the elevation of the terrain. Es la decimoctava zona metropolitana del país.Su principal actividad económica es la industria ligera en forma de maquiladoras y las actividades comerciales.. Entre las ciudades de México, la ciudad de Chihuahua está altamente clasificada en desarrollo humano y social. [69] The minimum wage in the state is 61.38 pesos (4.66 dollars) per day except for the municipalities of Guadalupe, Ciudad Juárez, and Praxedis G. Guerrero, which have a minimum wage of 64.76 Mexican pesos (4.92 dollars).[70]. Today, most of the maquiladoras produce electronics, automobile, and aerospace components. Su área de 245,000km2 hace que sea más o menos la mitad del tamaño de España o por el tamaño del Reino Unido. Noviembre 8. 02-abr-2016 - Fotografías sobre el Estado de Chihuahua, México. In response, the Juárez administration took drastic measures by temporarily suspending constitutional rights, but the governor of Chihuahua did not support this action. [19] The remains of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla lie in the column of the Angel of Independence in Mexico City. Comandante general J. J. Ayestarán was replaced by José Figueroa. In 1829, González became general commander of Chihuahua, when his term of office on the west coast expired. Hostilities continued to increase especially after the election of 1871 which was perceived to be fraudulent. [30] It would have been easy for the French forces to continue in pursuit of President Juárez across the border, but they feared altercations with American forces. An estimated 93.5% of the population ages 6–14 attend an institution of education. The desert zone also accounts for about a third of the state's surface area. Los Tribunales del Estado de Chihuahua, de acuerdo con su competencia, conocerán de los juicios civiles, penales y administrativos que se relacionen con bienes del dominio público o privado del Estado y de los municipios. [68] The average employee wage in Chihuahua is approximately 193 pesos per day. [51] The median age of the population is 25 years. Maximilian was executed by firing squad on June 19, 1867. 25 were here. #EnVivo Chihuahua Seguro: Panorama Estatal de Seguridad Pública. [26], The general features of the preceding occurrence applied also to Chihuahua, although in a modified form. Because the plan was not enforced, commanding officer, Colonel J.I. El sistema de pago en línea se encuentra en mantenimiento. [39] Madero's time as leader was short-lived, ended by a coup d'état in 1913 led by Gen. Victoriano Huerta; Orozco sided with Huerta, and Huerta made him one of his generals. A short time later, he and his supporters were captured by royalist Ignacio Elizondo at the Wells of Baján (Norias de Baján) on March 21, 1811 and taken to the city of Chihuahua. At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutiérrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Marcagob CIG- Centro de Información Gubernamental Marca al: 070, excepto Cd. Chihuahua ranked second in Mexico for zinc at 150,211 metric tons, silver at 580,271 kg, and gold at 15,221.8 kg. The French left the state on October 29, 1865. During the period from 2000–2005 it is estimated that 49,722 people left the state for the United States. The conquest of the territory lasted nearly one century and encountered fierce resistance from the Conchos tribe, but the desire of the Spanish Crown to transform the region into a bustling mining center led to a strong strategy to control the area. President Juárez, in an effort to organize a strong defense against the French, decreed a list of national guard units that every state had to contribute to the Ministry of War and the Navy; Chihuahua was responsible for inducting 2,000 men. The state elected General Luis Terrazas, a liberal leader, as governor; he would continue to fight small battles within the state to suppress conservative uprisings during 1861. Hidalgo attempted to reach the United States and gain American support for Mexican independence. The working class was frustrated with the Díaz regime due to the corruption of the political system that had increased the inequality between the rich and poor. Several expeditions were led to find a shorter route from Santa Bárbara to New Mexico. In the winter of 1914 Villa's and Zapata's troops entered and occupied Mexico City. Those aged 5 years and older claim to be the following religious beliefs: 84.6% are Catholic; 7.1% are Protestant; 2.0% are Nondenominational; 5.1% are Atheist. Newspapers of Chihuahua include: El Diario (Juárez), El Diario de Chihuahua, El Heraldo de Chihuahua, El Heraldo de la Tarde, El Mexicano, El Sol de Parral, and Norte de Ciudad Juárez. In 1908 the Chihuahuan State Penitentiary was built, and the construction on the first large scale dam project was initiated on the Chuviscar River. Al sur limita con las entidades de Durango y Sinaloa; al este con Coahuila y al norte con los estados norteamericanos de Texas y Nuevo México. ", "Trasladan Poderes de Chihuahua a Juárez", "Diputados dicen no al traslado de Poderes", "LA FLORA DE LAS BARRANCAS DEL COBRE, CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO", Población total por entidad federativa según sexo, 2000 y 2005, Edad mediana por entidad federativa según sexo, 2000 y 2005, Densidad de población por entidad federativa, 2000, Volumen y porcentaje de la población de 5 y más años sin religión por entidad federativa, 2000, "Ciudad Juarez passes 2,000 homicides in '09, setting record", "Tablas, Tasas, Tarifas e Indicadores Fiscales: Salarios Mínimos 2012", University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries, Secretariat of Industrial Development of Chihuahua State Government, List of the sixty-seven municipalities in Chihuahua with their municipal seats (cabecera municipal), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chihuahua_(state)&oldid=997277290, States and territories established in 1824, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, Articles with Spanish-language sources (es), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 30 December 2020, at 20:04. 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