| 1,600m-2,700m Himachal Pradesh : The state of Himachal Pradesh is a land of climatic extremes the region on the south slopes of the Himalayas bears the brunt of the monsoon and is wettest from July to early September. However, the large indentation made by the Bay of Bengal into India's eastern coast means that the flows are humidified before reaching Cape Comorin and rest of Tamil Nadu, meaning that the state, and also some parts of Kerala, experience significant precipitation in the post-monsoon and winter periods. [40] This system intensified to its present strength as a result of the Tibetan Plateau's uplift, which accompanied the Eocene–Oligocene transition event, a major episode of global cooling and aridification which occurred 34–49 Ma. The lower regions in the southern Himachal that range between altitudes of 450 to 900 meters above sea level have sub-humid tropical climate. [60], Tropical cyclones, which are severe storms spun off from the Intertropical Convergence Zone, may affect thousands of Indians living in coastal regions. Its capital city is Shimla. [59] Almost all of India is flood-prone, and extreme precipitation events, such as flash floods and torrential rains, have become increasingly common in central India over the past several decades, coinciding with rising temperatures. This resulted in a massive flood basalt event that laid down the Deccan Traps some 60–68 Ma,[6][7] at the end of the Cretaceous period. Thus, climates ranging from nearly tropical in the foothills to tundra above the snow line can coexist within several hundred metres of each other. Most of the geographical area of the state comes under forest, pasture, and grazing land; agriculture is possible only on less than ten percent of the state’s net area. | 5% 1 Answer. Therefore it is extremely difficult to categorize it a particular climatic frame. To the west, in Gujarat, diverse climate conditions prevail. The air travel (bird fly) shortest distance between Kerala and Himachal Pradesh is 2,326 km= 1,445 miles.. The pleasant and good climate of Kerala is attracted by many tourists every year. It is cultural to wear a specific turban / cap for men and a shawl / cloth for women over their head for the people in Himachal Pradesh. In most parts of India, this period marks the transition from wet to dry seasonal conditions. Atmospheric moisture is largely prevented from precipitating due to continuous downdrafts and other factors. 1) The first, a tropical semi-arid steppe climate, (Hot semi-arid climate) predominates over a long stretch of land south of Tropic of Cancer and east of the Western Ghats and the Cardamom Hills. Shown below are temperature and precipitation data for selected Indian cities; these represent the full variety of major Indian climate types. Before analyzing the socio-economic development, it is necessary ... Uttarakhand is 13.07 compared to 9.67 of Himachal Pradesh and the difference is only --1-- marginal but the percentage of net irrigated area to net area sown of Uttarakhand is higher as (45.67) compared to Himachal Pradesh (19.61). Activities For Couples. Climate of Himachal Pradesh The climate varies across the state with the altitude. Avalanches occur in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. sfn error: no target: CITEREFRavindranathBalaSharma2021 (, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "Age of initiaotion of collision between India and Asia: A review of stratigraphic data", "Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification", "Extreme Weather Events over India in the last 100 years", "Drass, World's Second Coldest Inhabited Place", "India Just Set A New All-Time Record High Temperature - 51 Degrees Celsius", "Climatological Normals for Indian Stations", "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)", "Average temperature over India projected to rise by 4.4 degrees Celsius: Govt report on impact of climate change in country", "Extreme heat in India and anthropogenic climate change", "Investigation of multi-model spatiotemporal mesoscale drought projections over India under climate change scenario", 10.1659/0276-4741(2002)022[0316:ASPPTS]2.0.CO;2, "Agriculture Crop Residue Burning in the Indo-Gangetic Plains—A Study Using IRS-P6 AWiFS Satellite Data", 10.1175/1520-0450(1971)010<0169:NOHSD>2.0.CO;2, "Climate of the Late Permian and Early Triassic: General Inferences", "Pre-Monsoon Western Disturbances in Relation to Monsoon Rainfall, Its Advancement over Northwestern India and Their Trends", "Prediction of Western Disturbances and Associated Weather over the Western Himalayas", "Out-of-India Gondwanan Origin of Some Tropical Asian Biota", "Long-Term Climate Variability and Change over Monsoonal Asia", "Age of Initiation of Collision Between India and Asia: A Review of Stratigraphic Data", "The Aeolian Sedimentation Record of the Thar Desert", "The Generation Mechanism of the Western Disturbances over the Himalayas", "India's Forgotten Farmers Await Monsoon", "Air India Reschedules Delhi-London/New York and Frankfurt Flights Due to Fog", Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, "Snow Fall and Avalanches in Jammu and Kashmir", "Early Warning Signs: Coral Reef Bleaching", National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_of_India&oldid=999448937, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 10 January 2021, at 06:30. Annual rainfall ranges from less than 1,000 millimetres (39 in) in the west to over 2,500 millimetres (98 in) in parts of the northeast. Kerala Climate and Seasons | Kerala Tourism Kerala enjoys three major seasons – summer, monsoon and winter. The state is one of the most literate states of India with a literacy rate of 83.78% as of 2011. Climate in north India is generally hotter than south India whereas the South India gets more humid due to nearby coasts. The heavy rains in July and August cause a lot of damage resulting in erosion, floods and landslides. Winter 7 °C (45 °F)• Avg. Most of Northeast India and much of North India are subject to a humid subtropical climate. Winds spill across the Himalayas and flow to the southwest across the country, resulting in clear, sunny skies. Until about 900 m above sea level the climate is subtropical, and rainforests of teak, fig and especially bamboo cover the land. [citation needed]. However, Northeast India receives the most precipitation. Prevailing westerlies carry aerosols along the southern margins of the sheer-faced Tibetan Plateau towards eastern India and the Bay of Bengal. The nation's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and the Thar Desert. Though the Tropic of Cancer—the boundary that is between the tropics and subtropics—passes through the middle of India, the bulk of the country can be regarded as climatically tropical. [94], Severe landslides and floods are projected to become increasingly common in such states as Assam. |- Such rainfall is highly erratic; regions experiencing rainfall one year may not see precipitation for the next couple of years or so. [69] Nevertheless, ENSO events that have coincided with abnormally high sea surfaces temperatures in the Indian Ocean—in one instance during 1997 and 1998 by up to 3 °C (5 °F)—have resulted in increased oceanic evaporation, resulting in unusually wet weather across India. The rainy season starts at the end of the month of June. These wildlife sanctuaries in Himachal Pradesh add much more fun to this mesmerizing place. As the Sun's vertical rays move south of the equator, most of the country experiences moderately cool weather. Between the months of january and february the climate is correct. Manali climate summary The Manali lies on 1949m above sea level The climate in Manali is warm and temperate. Frigid winds from the Himalayas can depress temperatures near the Brahmaputra River. [65][66], All such episodes of severe drought correlate with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. There is a huge variation in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh due to variation in altitude (450–6500 metres). Regional variation in rainfall across India. During the post-monsoon or autumn months of October to December, a different monsoon cycle, the northeast (or "retreating") monsoon, brings dry, cool, and dense air masses to large parts of India. The rainy season start at the end of the month of June. Haryana's climate resembles other states of the northern plains: extreme summer heat of up to 50 °C and winter cold as low as 1 °C. It is drought-prone, as it tends to have less reliable rainfall due to sporadic lateness or failure of the southwest monsoon. If severe climate changes occurs, Bangladesh and parts of India that border it may lose vast tracts of coastal land. March is the hottest month in Kerala with an average temperature of 29°C (84°F) and the coldest is June at 27°C (81°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 9 in February. Onset dates and prevailing wind currents of the southwest summer and northeast winter monsoons. [93] A 2007 World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) report states that the Indus River may run dry for the same reason. Image Credit: Madan Dmad for Himachal Watcher. [34] This compares with a range of 12–14 °C (54–57 °F) on the Malabar Coast; there, as is the case for other coastal areas, the Indian Ocean exerts a strong moderating influence on weather. Characterised by moderate to high year-round temperatures, even in the foothills, its rainfall is seasonal but heavy—typically above 2,000 mm (79 in) per year. What is your idea of an ideal honeymoon tour? adventure tourism, religious tourism, famous places tourism, or any other activity which is directly or indirectly related to tourism.Himachal offers everlasting tourism experience of all kinds. The temperature in Kerala normally ranges from 28° to 32° C (82° to 90° F) on the plains but drops to about 20° C (68° F) in the highlands. Himachal Pradesh's literacy rate has almost doubled between 1981 and 2011 (see table to right). India's two island territories, Lakshadweep and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, are also subject to this climate. Also, you can expect occasional showers any time during the year. Though they provide rice paddy farmers with a largely dependable source of natural irrigation and fertilisation, the floods can kill thousands and displace millions. On the other hand, Ladakh is a mountainous region of Jammu and Kashmir. |- Words fail to define the mixture of different cultures one can see here. [95] Ecological disasters, such as a 1998 coral bleaching event that killed off more than 70% of corals in the reef ecosystems off Lakshadweep and the Andamans and was brought on by elevated ocean temperatures tied to global warming, are also projected to become increasingly common. As most of this region is far from the ocean, the wide temperature swings more characteristic of a continental climate predominate; the swings are wider than in those in tropical wet regions, ranging from 24 °C (75 °F) in north-central India to 27 °C (81 °F) in the east. Winter 7 °C (45 °F)• Avg. Cyclone 05B, a supercyclone that struck Orissa on 29 October 1999, was the deadliest in more than a quarter-century. The spring season starts from mid February to mid April. Complete List of the most important Temples in Himachal Pradesh. Air pollution, which reflects sunlight, and irrigation, which cools the air by evaporation, have counteracted climate change since 1970. The mountain ranges prevent western winter disturbances in Iran from travelling further east, resulting in much snow in Kashmir and rainfall for parts of Punjab and northern India. Kerala gold is difficult to get your hands on even in Kerala due to strict government policies against cannabism. [17] The rainy season lasts from June to September; annual rainfall averages between 750–1,500 mm (30–59 in) across the region. The northern side of the western Himalayas, also known as the trans-Himalayan belt, has a cold desert climate. And hence getting a hand on the real thing is easier. [44][45][46] Yet such rains reduce temperatures and can replenish groundwater tables, rivers. Coastal areas—especially those near the Coromandel Coast and adjacent low-elevation interior tracts—are warm, with daily high temperatures of 30 °C (86 °F) and lows of around 21 °C (70 °F). Ten of Asia's largest rivers flow from there. Many regions have starkly different microclimates, making it one of the most climatically diverse countries in the world. [61] Each year, an average of eight storms with sustained wind speeds greater than 63 km/h (39 mph) form; of these, two strengthen into true tropical cyclones, which sustain gusts greater than 117 km/h (73 mph). What is the difference between the ethnic groups of Himachal Pradesh + Punjab and Tamil Nadu + Kerala? The southwest monsoon normally withdraws from Bihar in the first week of October. The coolest month of the year, on average, is January; April and May are the warmest months. While a truncated stone corner protects the wooden beams, a wooden peg known as kadil helps in keeping solid wood beams in place. [23] Once their passage is hindered by the Himalayas, they are unable to proceed further, and they release significant precipitation over the southern Himalayas. [17] In cooler regions of North India, immense pre-monsoon squall-line thunderstorms, known locally as "Nor'westers", commonly drop large hailstones. | Up to 800 m [40], The main factor behind this shift is the high summer temperature difference between Central Asia and the Indian Ocean. Get Shimla's weather and area codes, time zone and DST. December to March are the driest months, when days with precipitation are rare. With a yearly average of 26 degrees the climate is very warm, but has only a very few tropical and humid months. During the Late Paleozoic, Gondwana extended from a point at or near the South Pole to near the equator, where the Indian craton (stable continental crust) was positioned, resulting in a mild climate favorable to hosting high-biomass ecosystems. Photo caption: The alternate layering of wood and stone is typical to this style of architecture in Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh: Weather-Friendly Architecture . Mean annual precipitation totals have remained steady due to the declining frequency of weather systems that generate moderate amounts of rain. The winters are mild, pleasant, and dry with average daytime temperatures around 29 °C (84 °F) and nights around 12 °C (54 °F) with virtually full sun and clear nights. India's geography and geology are climatically pivotal: the Thar Desert in the northwest and the Himalayas in the north work in tandem to create a culturally and economically important monsoonal regime. The rainiest months are July and August. The longitudinal valleys in Himachal Pradesh divide the series of parallel ranges but there is also an exception as the Kullu valley runs transverse to the main alightment. Each season has a transitional climate before leading into one season from another. The best time to visit Himachal is during spring season that extends from mid-Feb to mid-April. They are rare, however; only several dozen have been reported since 1835. Of all the state districts, Dharamsala receives the highest rainfall, nearly about 3400 mm. Tourism can be of different types i.e. Like the rest of the north, Bihar also experiences dust-storms, thunderstorms and dust raising winds during the hot season. | 30% [12] The Himalayas, along with the Hindu Kush mountains in Pakistan, prevent cold Central Asian katabatic winds from blowing in, keeping the bulk of the Indian subcontinent warmer than most locations at similar latitudes. Highs range from 23 °C (73 °F) in Patna to 26 °C (79 °F) in Kolkata (Calcutta); lows average from 9 °C (48 °F) in Patna to 14 °C (57 °F) in Kolkata. [25], The India Meteorological Department (IMD) designates four climatological seasons:[26]. Ladakh … THAT IS A RELIGION not … | 35% [22] In most of this region, there is very little precipitation during the winter, owing to powerful anticyclonic and katabatic (downward-flowing) winds from Central Asia. | Lahaul Spiti and Kinnaur range [3] India later merged into the southern super continent Gondwana, a process beginning some 550–500 Ma. The state of Kerala has a total area of 15, 005 square miles. In the southern low tracks between an altitude of 400-900 it is hot sub humid type, between 900-1800m altitude warm & temperate, between 900-2400m cool & temperate, cold alpine & glacial above 2400- 4800m altitude. AREA 55,673 km2 (21,495 sq mi)CAPITAL ShimlaPOPULATION 6,856,509LANGUAGE Hindi, Pahari, Punjabi,Dogri, Kangri and KinnauriBEST TIME TO VISIT March to JuneClimate• Avg. These conditions, not hostile actions, caused more than 97% of the roughly 15,000 casualties suffered among Indian and Pakistani soldiers during the Siachen conflict. Due to ample monsoon rains, India has only one subtype of this climate under the Köppen system: Cwa. The months between March to May are hot and dry; mean monthly temperatures hover around 32 °C, with 320 millimetres (13 in) precipitation. Hail is also common in parts of India, causing severe damage to standing crops such as rice and wheat. There are in Bihar three distinct areas where rainfall exceeds 1,800 mm (71 in). As in much of the tropics, monsoonal and other weather patterns in India can be strongly variable: epochal droughts, heat waves, floods, cyclones, and other natural disasters are sporadic, but have displaced or ended millions of human lives. There is a huge variation in the climatic conditions of Himachal Pradesh due to variation in altitude (450–6500 metres). Rona Lachat. Himachal Pradesh is a land of cultural diaspora! In the plains of Punjab, lows can fall below freezing, dropping to around −3 °C (27 °F) in Amritsar. Explore Shimla's sunrise and sunset, moonrise and moonset. The height differences in Himachal Pradesh are quite pronounced, and the topography brings forth a wide variety of vegetation and wildlife. Elevations above 4500 m support perpetual snow. | Climatic conditions Average daily maximum temperatures range between 25 and 34 °C (77 and 93 °F) in the Southern parts. The best month to swim in the sea is in April when the average sea temperature is 30°C (86°F). The double-skinned walls with the air gap between two parallel wooden beams filled … The most exciting things to do during these seasons are to cruise in the houseboats on the backwaters of Kerala, to see the beauty of sunset from Kovalam beach during summer, boating in the Thekkady lake, trekking in the highlands of Kerala during winter etc. The heavy monsoon rains are responsible for the exceptional biodiversity of tropical wet forests in parts of these regions. A tropical arid and semi-arid climate dominates regions where the rate of moisture loss through evapotranspiration exceeds that from precipitation; it is subdivided into three climatic subtypes: tropical semi-arid steppe, arid climate, tropical and sub-tropical steppe climate. The Bay of Bengal branch, which initially tracks the Coromandal Coast northeast from Cape Comorin to Orissa, swerves to the northwest towards the Indo-Gangetic Plain. [18] However, parts of West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Mumbai also receive minor precipitation from the north-east monsoon. Dust and black carbon, which are blown towards higher altitudes by winds at the southern margins of the Himalayas, can absorb shortwave radiation and heat the air over the Tibetan Plateau. Shawls are also a must for all the people here to adapt themselves with the freezing cold at times. Of coastal land season runs from April to December, the southwest summer and northeast winter monsoons,. Is considered to be Cwa according to the west, in Gujarat, diverse climate conditions prevail albeit with less..., maximum and minimum temperatures of 50 °C ( 50 °F ) readings reported Orissa! Moisture out to the Ocean ( opposite from the late Paleozoic sedimentary sequence—the fourth-largest reserves in the climatic conditions Himachal... About 80 % of the region 's annual precipitation totals have remained steady due to ample monsoon rains are for. 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States in the world India by the cyclone Ladakh is a coastal state has a tropical and! Natural disasters cause massive losses of Indian life and property in parts of,! [ 63 ] almost two million people were left homeless ; [ 64 ], ). By 40 % summer lasts until the middle of June states comparatively dry precipitating! However ; only several dozen millimetres per 100 metre ( ~2 in ; 330 ft ) increase greatly! Heavily dependent on the other hand, Ladakh is a region of Jammu and Kashmir Himachal... Climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh Himachal Pradesh 68 ] El Niño-related droughts have also been implicated in periodic declines Indian. Though never for more than 2,500 people can fall below freezing a vast scale... Of western Rajasthan experiences an arid climatic regime ( hot Desert climate or so of major tourist attraction, a. Areas experience hot summers, temperatures still average around 20–24 °C ( °F... Mm a year ) each year. [ 40 ] ) • Avg period marks transition! 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