Compare Zener Breakdown and Avalanche breakdown? Apparatus:-Experimental kit and patch cords. In the forward bias direction, the zener diode behaves like an ordinary silicon diode. To redo the experiment, click on the ‘Reset’ button. Basically there are two type of regulations such as: Fig (3) - Circuit Diagram of  Zener Diode as Line Regulator: Fig (4) - Circuit Diagram of Zener Diode as Load Regulator: c) Zener Diode as Line Regulator (for variations in supply voltage): Connect the circuit for Line regulation as shown in figure (3). Connections are made as shown in the circuit diagram. To Study the working of a diode as Bri dge rectifier with and without filter. If a zener diode reads a voltage near its rated zener voltage, VZ, then it is good. However, the Zener Diode or Breakdown Diode, as they are sometimes referred too, are basically the same as the standard PN junction diode but they are specially designed to have a low and specified Reverse Breakdown Voltage which takes advantage of any reverse voltage applied to it. Figure . A standard 10 V Zener may have a temperature coefficient of +0.07%/ °C which may correspond to 7 mV/ °C variation in temperature. ... PN Junction Diode characteristics Experiment complete with Readings & graph CBSE - Duration: 12:36. Applying a reverse bias causes a strong electric field get applied across the device. The experiment is continued till the milliammeter shows a large deflection while the voltmeter reading remains a constant, indicating the break down voltage. As the applied reverse voltage increases the minority carriers acquire sufficient energy to collide with the carriers in the covalent bonds inside the depletion region. Connect the circuit as shown in figure (2). हिंदी Theory Zener Diode. Developed by Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham & CDAC Mumbai. This may lead to ... ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS AIM: 1. Answer: c Explanation: Zener diodes are used as voltage regulators but they aren’t called voltage regulators. To do this, rectify an AC voltage with a rectifier diode and slightly pre-smooth it with a charging capacitor. One of the zener diodes works like a reference voltage generator, while the other zener diode is used for sensing the changes in the temperature levels. The graph below shows the current/voltage characteristics of a Zener diode. 3. Open Diode. analyze the working of Zener diode as a voltage regulator for line regulation and load regulation. Plot the graph between VS and VO taking VS­ on X-axis and VO on Y-axis. Uni Junction Transistor(UJT) Characteristics. Initially, a negligible constant current flow through the zener diode in its reverse bias but at certain voltage, the current becomes abruptly large. Zener Diode Definition Zener Diode Working Zener Diode Circuit Symbol VI Characteristics of Zener Diode Zener Diode Applications FAQs. Experiment no-01 AIM:- To Plot the V-I Characteristics of P-N Junction Diode under Forward and Reverse Bias Condition and I-v characteristics of Zener diode. When the reverse bias voltage is greater than a predetermined voltage then the Zener … Shorted Diode. This heavy doping results in a low value of reverse breakdown voltage (BV R). Connect the circuit for Load regulation as shown in figure (4). Ans: Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. Avalanche is +ve temprature coefficient and Zener breakdown is -ve temprature coefficient. What is the doping concentration in Zener diodes? The zener regulator is composed of resistor R1 and zener diode CR1• The resistor characteristics … First, we will look at the general laboratory experiment and it’s format. In Experiment A, a 12V zener diode is connected in reversed biased as shown in the image and it can be seen that the zener diode blocked the voltage effectively because it was less/equal to the breakdown voltage of the particular zener diode and the lamp thus stayed off. I hope you find it helpful Please do comment and share Important : Images are subject to copyright. Forward characteristics are similar to both, although the zener's forward characteristics is usually not specified, as the zener will never be used in that region. Connections can be made as seen in the circuit diagram by clicking and dragging the mouse from one connecting terminal to the other connecting terminal of the devices to be connected. Hence a regulated DC output voltage V0 = VZ is obtained across RL, whenever the input voltage remains within a minimum and maximum voltage. Zener Diode Characteristics. If the diode reads a much higher voltage, of or near the voltage of the supply voltage feeding it, it is open and, thus, defective. A typical Zener diode shunt regulator is shown in Figure 3. Zener diodes are also known as a) Voltage regulators b) Forward bias diode c) Breakdown diode d) None of the mentioned. Take the readings and note Voltmeter reading across Zener diode and Ammeter reading. Funded by MeitY (Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology), English Forward (drive) current can have a range from 200 uA to 200 A, with the most common forward (drive) current being 10 mA or 200 mA. Apparatus A Zener diode (with small reverse breakdown voltage of about 6 volts), [i.e., V z = 6 V], a ten volt battery, a high resistance rheostat, two 0-10 V voltmeter, one 0-100 mA ammeter, one 20 Ω. resistance, one way key, connecting wires. Zener diode is generally used in ________ biased condition. 1. Detailed course structure for each branch and semister, Previous Semesters Final Exam Question Papers, Zener Diode Characteristics and Zener as Voltage Regulator, Objective: To study and verify the functionalityof Zener diode in forward bias and reverse bias and to. Zener Diode Characteristics in X-Y mode: Adjust CRO TIME/DIV knob in X-Y mode. The VI characteristics of a zener diode is shown in the below figure. Vary supply voltage (Vs) in in steps of 1volt from 0 - 15 volts and note the corresponding Zener Current (IZ), Load Current (IL) and Output Voltage (VO). Similarly, experiment by keeping the diode in forwarding bias and tabulate the readings. Connect the CRO CH1 across the input and CH2 across resistor. To Study the working of a diode as half w ave rectifier with and without filter. Zener diodes are semiconductor PN junction diodes with controlled reverse-bias properties, which make them extremely useful as voltage references. Zener diode observation tablein hindi 3. Is the breakdown region in Zener really destructible? This value can be controlled during manufacture. Ans: A zener is designed to operate stably in reverse breakdown, which is designed to be at a low voltage, between 3 volts and 200 volts. What are the applications of Zener diode? OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the characteristics of Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Unlike ordinary PN junction diode, the reverse current in Zener diode is measured using milli-ammeter due to the large flow of current. In zener diode, electric current flows from both anode to cathode and cathode to anode. While doing the experiment do not exceed the ratings of the diode. Diode characteristics experiment readings. Better schemes use a device called a Zener diode. Zener Diode Characteristics. What makes them different from other diodes is that Zener diodes will also allow current to flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above a certain value. 1. When Zener diode is forward biased, it acts as a _________. To Study the V-I characteristics of Forwa rd Biased PN junction diode. 7-9 4. 10-1 2 5. Zener diode characteristics can be observed. Ans:Generally the maximum zener voltage id about 200V. In the reverse bias condition the Zener diode is an open circuit and only a small leakage current is flowing as shown on the exaggerated plot. Zener Diode Characteristics Part A: V-I Characteristics Part B: Zener Diode act as a Voltage Regulator 3. 20 . Result: a. h) Bias Current (I2) Stability Noise 9 _:5% . What is the max value of voltage of Zener breakdown devices? This is an individual effort but members of a team can and should share insight, confirm results, and help problem solve. 19. The fact that the voltage across the diode in the breakdown region is almost constant turns out to be an important application of the zener diode as a voltage regulator . Tag : zener diode as voltage regulator experiment readings Zener Diode Voltage Regulators Zener Diodes can be used to produce a stabilised voltage output with low ripple under varying load current conditions. To find Zener break down voltage in reverse biased condition. Ans:Doping concentration in zener diode is about 1000 times greater than the normal junction diode. Ohms (!'fax. ) What are the applications of Zener diode? We are going to learn about an experiment to find out the Zener breakdown voltage and draw the characteristics of Zener diode. While doing the experiment do not exceed the ratings of the diode. ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS . The forward bias characteristic of Zener diode is same as the normal PN junction diode but in reverse bias it has different characteristic. EXPERIMENT 7:Observation of characteristics of a Zener diode Debangshu Mukherjee BS.c Physics,1st Year Chennai Mathematical Institute 7.11.2008 1 Aim of experiment In this experiment, we try to observe the relation between the voltage and corressponding current generated. APPARATUS:- PROCEDURE: FORWARD BIAS CHARACTERISTICS 1. 10. The break down voltage Vz is obtained from the graph as shown below. From the plot at which point of voltage the spike in current is noticed that voltage value is referred to as Zener … The following contains the verified lab manual record of the experiment for reference along with the readings. Ans: The breakdown voltage of a diode is the minimum reverse voltage to make the diode conduct in reverse. BJT Characteristics (CE Configuration) Part A: Input Characteristics Part B: Output Characteristics 5. Preface: ... (Take at least 8 readings). The typical forward voltage at room temperature with a current of around 1 mA is around 0.6 volts. Varying amount of reverse current can pass through the diode without damaging it. Brief Theory: When a reverse-bias voltage is applied to a pn junction, the electric field in the space-charge region is increases. analyze the forward and reverse bias characteristics of Zener diode. A Zener diode not only allows current to flow from anode to cathode but also, in the reverse direction on reaching the Zener voltage. The Dynamic Forward resistance is __________________, The Static Forward resistance is __________________, The Dynamic Reverse resistance is __________________, The Static Reverse resistance is  __________________. While doing the experiment do not exceed the readings of the diode. zener diode. Ans:The voltage level at which breakdown occur in reverse bias of zener diode and the voltage across the diode is constant. Diodes overview diodes are mostly used in practice for emitting light as light emitting diodes leds or. Theory: A Zener Diode is constructed for operation in the reverse breakdown re-gion.The relation between I-V is almost linear in this case Vz =Vz0+Iz Rz, where Rz is the dynamic resistance of the zener … We use Zener diodes for voltage regulation and voltage stabilisation. Ans:We cannot use Zener diode as a switch,in forward bias it works as normal junction diode but in reverse bias it allow the current with respective to its break down voltage. When the diode is in the reverse bias condition, the width of the depletion region is more. To Draw The Characteristic Curve Of A Zener Diode And To. Zener diodes are a special kind of diode which permits current to flow in the forward direction. Tabulate different reverse currents obtained for different reverse voltages. Write the features of UJT. The symbol of zener diode is similar to the normal p-n junction diode, but with bend edges on the vertical bar. October 28, 2020 February 24, 2012 by Electrical4U. List the other Zener diodes with different breakdown voltages. The readings of voltage and current are tabulated. EXPERIMENT REQUIREMENT Components and Equipments a. Zener Diode (1N753) b. UNI-T Digital Multi-meter (UT 55) C. Variable Resistor (1 KO) d. GW Instek Oscilloscope (GOS-630FC) e. Resistor(33012,470N, 4.7K2, 47K22) f. K & H MFG. There is a controlled breakdown which does not damage the diode when a reverse current above the Zener voltage passes through a Zener diode. As a result, the bond breaks and electron hole pairs are generated. EXP-7> To draw characteristics of a zener diode and to determine its reverse breakdown voltage. d) Zener Diode as Load Regulator (for variations in load connected): Input Supply Voltage VS = _________ Volts, No-load DC Voltage, VNL = _________ Volts, Fig: V- I Characteristics of Zener Diode under Forward & Reverse Bias Conditions, Static forward Resistance              Rdc    = Vf / If, Dynamic Forward Resistance         rac    =  Vf /  If, Static Reverse Resistance             Rdc    = Vr / Ir, Dynamic Reverse Resistance         rac    =  Vr /  Ir, For Load regulation,% Voltage Regulation =  %. If both p-side and n-side of the diode are lightly doped, depletion region at the junction widens. Voltage (V. 3) Temperature Coefficient Zener Impedance (R2 . Zener Diode Characteristics. The electric field may become large enough that covalent bonds are broken and electron-hole pairs are created. Plot Volt-Ampere Characteristics of Zener Diode. The circuit for studying the forward bias characteristics of a Zener diode is as shown in the figure1. Such sudden increase in the number of charge carriers due to rupture of covalent bonds under the influence of strong electric field is termed as Zener breakdown. Jrd . (D) Load Resistor . This may lead to damaging of the diode. This voltage is … 22. Viva questions: 1. 2. Let us now look at the Zener diode characteristic: A graph of current through vs the voltage across the device is called the characteristic of Zener diode. To see the graph, click on the graph icon in the worksheet. When the diode is connected in forward bias diode acts as a normal diode. As the applied reverse voltage tends to increase that result in the increment of the width of the depletion region. Here the Zener diode acts like an ordinary diode. Because of technological limitations, the "ceramic" capacitors that you have been using up to now do not have sufficiently high capacitance to be used in this application. Connect the Circuit as per the Circuit Diagram on the bread board. Observations: Table: 1 Forward Bias Condition: Do the same experiment by connecting the Zener diode in the forward bias. Ans:If P-N regions are heavily doped in zener diode its break down voltage will decrease. The Zener conducts the least current when the load current is the highest and it conducts the most current when the load current is the lowest. 4. To observe and draw the V-I characteristics and Regulation characteristics of a Zener diode. So we take the ohmmeter and place it across the leads of the diode. To find the Zener Break down voltage in reverse biased condition. 10. Give the input as triangular voltage waveform from Function Generator (both positive and negative peaks). What is the difference between p-n Junction diode and zener diode? Zener Diode Characteristics in X-Y mode: Adjust CRO TIME/DIV knob in X-Y mode. Sl No Name of Experiment Page No 1. (C) Zener Regulator: The heart of the zener voltage-reference is shown in the . Observe the nearly constant voltage in the breakdown region. 3. Plot the reverse characteristic curve by taking reverse voltage along –ve X-axis and reverse current along –ve Y-axis. It should be replaced. For Zener diodes, silicon is preferred to Ge because of its high temperature and current capability. 17. A signal diode or rectifier will have a high reverse breakdown, from 50 to 2000 volts, and is NOT designed to operate in the breakdown region. What are the different types of breakdowns in semiconductor junctions? To see the circuit diagram, click on the 'Show/hide circuit diagram' check box seen inside the simulator window. Characteristics of Zener Diode. Jan 02, 2021 - Theory & Procedure, Diode Characteristics Class 12 Notes | EduRev is made by best teachers of JEE. In the reverse bias direction, there is practically no reverse current flow until the breakdown voltage is reached. Experiment No: 2 ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS AIM: 1. We are going to learn about an experiment to find out the Zener breakdown voltage and draw the characteristics of Zener diode.Why should we do this experiment? VDC +2 . The circuit diagram to plot the VI characteristics of a zener diode is shown. Rectifiers (without and with c-filter) Part A: Half-wave Rectifier Part B: Full-wave Rectifier 4. Objectives: To study the characteristics of Zener diode. # Characteristics of a Zener Diode The above diagram shows the V-I characteristics of the Zener diode behavior. To calculate static and dynamic resistances of the Zener diode in both forward and reverse biased conditions (before, after break down voltages). Theory. In breakdown the voltage across the Zener diode is close to constant over a wide range of currents thus making it useful as a shunt voltage regulator. block of Figure 1. Give the input as triangular voltage waveform from Function Generator (both positive and negative peaks). 7.5 . Plot the V-I graph and observe the change. If there is no load resistance, shunt regulators can be used to dissipate total power through the series resistance and the Zener diode. ... Zener diode is a P-N junction diode specially designed to operate in … Any kind of infringement will lead to legal action. The Zener diode mainly operates in reverse biased condition. The breakdown voltage is specified as a voltage with a tolerance, such as 10 volts ±5%, which means the breakdown voltage (or operating voltage) will be between 9.5 volts and 10.5 volts. ZENER DIODE CHARACTERISTICS EXPERIMENT 2018 - Duration: 6:58. 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